Firialta was evaluated in >13,000 patients with early-to late-stage CKD1*
99.8% of patients were on the maximum tolerated dose of an ACEi or ARB, and 97.7% were on at least one glucose-lowering agent
FIGARO-DKD TRIAL
(CV-FOCUSED)2
Primary composite endpoint:
- CV death
- Non-fatal MI
- Non-fatal stroke
- HF hospitalisation
FIDELIO-DKD TRIAL
(RENAL-FOCUSED)3
Primary composite endpoint:
- Kidney failure
- Sustained decline of ≥40% in eGFR
- Kidney death
Firialta was evaluated in a large phase 3 clinical trial program1
FIGARO-DKD TRIAL
CV mortality and morbidity
(N=7437†)2
FIDELIO-DKD TRIAL
Kidney failure and disease
progression
(N=5734†)3
FIDELITY
Prespecified pooled analysis
(N=13,171†)1
Study designs for FIGARO-DKD and FIDELIO-DKD1,4,5

Patient characteristics were well-balanced between groups in both trials2,3
Firialta was studied in a wide variety of patients with CKD and T2D, across disease stages1

Select inclusion and exclusion criteria2,3
Inclusion criteria
eGFR/albuminuria
FIGARO-DKD
eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2
with macroalbuminuria
OR
eGFR 25 to 90 mL/min/1.73 m2
with microalbuminuria
FIDELIO-DKD
eGFR 25 to <60 mL/min/1.73 m2
with microalbuminuria and
diabetic retinopathy
OR
eGFR 25 to <75 mL/min/1.73 m2
with macroalbuminuria
Medications
Treated with standard-of-care
background therapy, including
maximum tolerated labelled dose
of either an ACEi or an ARB
Serum potassium
Serum potassium ≤4.8 mEq/L
at screening
Exclusion criteria
Other conditions
Symptomatic chronic HF with
reduced ejection fraction
(New York Heart Association class II-IV)
Known significant non-diabetic
kidney disease
* | 2.4% of patients had baseline eGFR <25 mL/min/1.73 m2 in the FIDELIO-DKD trial, and 0.4% in the FIGARO-DKD trial; 0.4% of patients had baseline UACR <30 mg/g in the FIDELIO-DKD trial, and 2.8% in the FIGARO-DKD trial.2,3 |
† | Patients randomised.1-3 |
‡ | If serum potassium was ≤4.8 mmol/L and eGFR was stable, patients were encouraged to increase their dose from 10 to 20 mg once daily. If serum potassium was >4.8 mmol/L and/or eGFR was not stable, patients could decrease their dose from 20 to 10 mg once daily.1 |
§ | In the FIDELIO-DKD trial, 14 patients were not treated with either an ACEi or an ARB at baseline; 7 patients received treatment with both an ACEi and an ARB.3 |
ACEi=angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB=angiotensin receptor blocker; CKD=chronic kidney disease; CV=cardiovascular; CVD=cardiovascular disease; eGFR=estimated glomerular filtration rate; GFR=glomerular filtration rate; GLP-1=glucagon-like peptide 1; HF=heart failure; IQR=interquartile range; MI=myocardial infarction; SGLT2=sodium-glucose cotransporter 2; T2D=type 2 diabetes; UACR=urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio.
References:
- Agarwal R, et al. Eur Heart J. 2022;43(6):474-484. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab777. Return to content
- Pitt B, et al. N Engl J Med. 2021;385(24):2252-2263. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2110956. Return to content
- Bakris GL, et al; FIDELIO-DKD Investigators. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(23):2219-2229. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2025. Return to content
- Ruilope LM, et al. Am J Nephrol. 2019;50(5):345-356. doi:10.1159/000503712. Return to content
- Bakris GL, et al. Am J Nephrol. 2019;50(5):333-344. doi:10.1159/000503713. Return to content